Animal plasma membrane energization by proton motive V-ATPases
Autor(en): | Wieczorek, H Brown, D Grinstein, S Ehrenfeld, J Harvey, WR |
Stichwörter: | Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; FROG-SKIN; ION-TRANSPORT; K+/H+ ANTIPORT; LARVAL MIDGUT; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; MAMMALIAN KIDNEY; MITOCHONDRIA-RICH CELLS; MURINE MACROPHAGES; RANA-ESCULENTA; TOBACCO HORNWORM MIDGUT; VACUOLAR H+-ATPASE | Erscheinungsdatum: | 1999 | Herausgeber: | COMPANY OF BIOLOGISTS LTD | Journal: | BIOESSAYS | Volumen: | 21 | Ausgabe: | 8 | Startseite: | 637 | Seitenende: | 648 | Zusammenfassung: | Proton-translocating, vacuolar-type ATPases, well known energizers of eukaryotic, vacuolar membranes, now emerge as energizers of many plasma membranes. Just as Na+ gradients, imposed by Na+/K+ ATPases, energize basolateral plasma membranes of epithelia, so voltage gradients, imposed by H+ V-ATPases, energize apical plasma membranes. The energized membranes acidify or alkalinize compartments, absorb or secrete ions and fluids, and underwrite cellular homeostasis. V-ATPases acidify extracellular spaces of single cells such as phagocytes and osteoclasts and of polarized epithelia, such as vertebrate kidney and epididymis. They alkalinize extracellular spaces of lepidopteran midgut. V-ATPases energize fluid secretion by insect Malpighian tubules and fluid absorption by insect oocytes. They hyperpolarize external plasma membranes for Na+ uptake by amphibian skin and fish gills. Indeed, it is likely that ion uptake by osmotically active membranes of all fresh water organisms is energized by V-ATPases. Awareness of plasma membrane energization by V-ATPases provides new perspectives for basic science and presents new opportunities for medicine and agriculture. BioEssays 21.637-648, 1999. (C) 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. |
ISSN: | 02659247 | DOI: | 10.1002/(SICI)1521-1878(199908)21:8<637::AID-BIES3>3.0.CO;2-W |
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