Crowdsourcing, citizen sensing and sensor web technologies for public and environmental health surveillance and crisis management: trends, OGC standards and application examples
Autor(en): | Boulos, Maged N. Kamel Resch, Bernd Crowley, David N. Breslin, John G. Sohn, Gunho Burtner, Russ Pike, William A. Jezierski, Eduardo Chuang, Kuo-Yu Slayer |
Stichwörter: | 3-D Visualisation; ANALYTICS; Citizen Sensing; Crisis Informatics; Geo-mashups; GIS; INFORMATION; MOBILE; Natural User Interfaces; NETWORKS; OGC Open GeoSMS; OGC Sensor Web Enablement; Public and Environmental Health; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Semantic Web; Sensors; Social Web Crowdsourcing; Twitter | Erscheinungsdatum: | 2011 | Herausgeber: | BMC | Enthalten in: | INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEALTH GEOGRAPHICS | Band: | 10 | Zusammenfassung: | `Wikification of GIS by the masses' is a phrase-term first coined by Kamel Boulos in 2005, two years earlier than Goodchild's term `Volunteered Geographic Information'. Six years later (2005-2011), OpenStreetMap and Google Earth (GE) are now full-fledged, crowdsourced `Wikipedias of the Earth' par excellence, with millions of users contributing their own layers to GE, attaching photos, videos, notes and even 3-D (three dimensional) models to locations in GE. From using Twitter in participatory sensing and bicycle-mounted sensors in pervasive environmental sensing, to creating a 100,000-sensor geo-mashup using Semantic Web technology, to the 3-D visualisation of indoor and outdoor surveillance data in real-time and the development of next-generation, collaborative natural user interfaces that will power the spatially-enabled public health and emergency situation rooms of the future, where sensor data and citizen reports can be triaged and acted upon in real-time by distributed teams of professionals, this paper offers a comprehensive state-of-the-art review of the overlapping domains of the Sensor Web, citizen sensing and `human-in-the-loop sensing' in the era of the Mobile and Social Web, and the roles these domains can play in environmental and public health surveillance and crisis/disaster informatics. We provide an in-depth review of the key issues and trends in these areas, the challenges faced when reasoning and making decisions with real-time crowdsourced data (such as issues of information overload, ``noise'', misinformation, bias and trust), the core technologies and Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) standards involved (Sensor Web Enablement and Open GeoSMS), as well as a few outstanding project implementation examples from around the world. |
ISSN: | 1476072X | DOI: | 10.1186/1476-072X-10-67 |
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