Disturbances of antimicrobial lipids in atopic dermatitis
Autor(en): | Melnik, B. | Stichwörter: | sphinganine, 764-22-7; sphingosine, 123-78-4; beta defensin, 156476-39-0; Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides; Ceramides; DEFB4 protein, human; Fatty Acids; Sphingosine, 123-78-4; beta-Defensins; cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide; antimicrobial cationic peptide; Antimicrobial lipids; Antimicrobial peptides; article; Atopic dermatitis; beta defensin; beta-Defensins; cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide; cell proliferation; ceramide; Ceramides; Cutaneous antimicrobial defense; DEFB4 protein, human; Dermatitis, Atopic; disease predisposition; fatty acid; Fatty Acids; human; Humans; hydroxysphinganine; nonhuman; pathophysiology; physiology; Regulatory T cells; review; Skin; skin infection; sphinganine; Sphingosine; sphingosine derivative; sphingosine, atopic dermatitis; Sphingosines; Staphylococcal Skin Infections; Staphylococcus aureus; Staphylococcus infection; Staphylococcus infection, Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides; stratum corneum; T lymphocyte; T lymphocyte activation; unclassified drug | Erscheinungsdatum: | 2006 | Herausgeber: | Wiley-VCH Verlag | Journal: | JDDG - Journal of the German Society of Dermatology | Volumen: | 4 | Ausgabe: | 2 | Startseite: | 114 | Seitenende: | 123 | Zusammenfassung: | Patients with atopic dermatitis exhibit an increased susceptibility to cutaneous infections, especially to pathological colonization with superantigen-secreting Staphylococcus aureus. Recent attention has been focused on antimicrobial peptides, especially on cathelicidin and human β-defensin-2, which are under-expressed in atopic skin. Antimicrobial lipids from the stratum corneum are also major contributors to cutaneous antimicrobial defense. Current aspects of biochemistry and function of antimicrobial lipids in atopic dermatitis are reviewed in detail. The major classes of stratum corneum lipids with antimicrobial activity are free fatty acids, glucosylceramides, and free sphingosines. Diminished levels of free sphingosines in the stratum corneum have recently been detected in atopic dermatitis and have been associated with the pathological colonization of atopic skin with Staphylococcus aureus. The superantigen staphylococcal enterotoxin B has been shown to reduce the suppressive effect of regulatory T cells on T-cell proliferation, thus augmenting T-cell activation in patients with atopic dermatitis. The killing of superantigen-secreting bacterial strains with topically applied antimicrobial lipids offers new antiseptic and immunomodulatory options for the treatment and secondary prevention of atopic dermatitis. © Blackwell Verlag GmbH. |
ISSN: | 16100379 | DOI: | 10.1111/j.1610-0387.2006.05902.x | Externe URL: | https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-33645226857&doi=10.1111%2fj.1610-0387.2006.05902.x&partnerID=40&md5=74d48ce916b4cefd4b84f47d662aaa3c |
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geprüft am 18.05.2024