Sharing and asking for help: Social support networks from the perspective of 4-6 year olds in three different eco-social milieus

Abstract

In view of increasing diversity regarding the cultural background of children in pre-schools and the like, it is important to know how they differ in their perception of social networks. This study investigated the perception of social support networks in young children from three different eco-social milieus. Participants (N = 138, 4-6 year olds) were recruited from German urban nuclear families and two groups of rural extended families in Central America. The support networks were analyzed by means of two game scenarios for ``Sharing'' and ``Asking for Help'' with a family collage in addition. Results show significant differences between groups in regard to the size, structure, and relationship patterns of support networks. Networks of urban German children included mainly friends, parents, and siblings, whereas those from Central American children also included other members of the extended family. The perceived importance of father, mother, and siblings differed between groups. Children's willingness to share correlated with parental socio-cultural orientation. Practical implications for early childhood education are discussed in view of children's socio-cultural background.