Questionnaire on reasons for academic procrastination: Development and first validation

Abstract

In this paper, we present the development and first validation of the German Questionnaire on Reasons for Academic Procrastination (FGAP). The development followed the exploratory design, combining qualitative and quantitative studies. The scales and items were derived from current research findings and two qualitative interview studies. In our first quantitative study with 270 students, we examined the factor structure of the FGAP by using principal axis analyses. In our second quantitative study with 554 students, confirmatory factor analysis pointed to a questionnaire with 13 scales (e.g., lack of time-management skills) with three items each. This study also demonstrated that the FGAP has satisfactory to very good item and scale characteristics. In addition, first evidence for the convergent and concurrent validity was obtained.