Implicit attitudes toward dieting and thinness distinguish fat-phobic and non-fat-phobic anorexia nervosa from avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder in adolescents
Autor(en): | Izquierdo, Alyssa Plessow, Franziska Becker, Kendra R. Mancuso, Christopher J. Slattery, Meghan Murray, Helen B. Hartmann, Andrea S. Misra, Madhusmita Lawson, Elizabeth A. Eddy, Kamryn T. Thomas, Jennifer J. |
Stichwörter: | anorexia nervosa; ARFID; ASSOCIATION TEST; avoidant; dieting; drive for thinness; EATING-DISORDERS; EXPLICIT; IAT; IDEAL; implicit association test; Nutrition & Dietetics; Psychiatry; Psychology; Psychology, Clinical; restrictive food intake disorder; SCHEDULE; SCHIZOPHRENIA; WEIGHT | Erscheinungsdatum: | 2019 | Herausgeber: | WILEY | Journal: | INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EATING DISORDERS | Volumen: | 52 | Ausgabe: | 4, SI | Startseite: | 419 | Seitenende: | 427 | Zusammenfassung: | Objective The majority of individuals with anorexia nervosa (AN) have a fat-phobic (FP-AN) presentation in which they explicitly endorse fear of weight gain, but a minority present as non-fat-phobic (NFP-AN). Diagnostic criteria for avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) specifically exclude fear of weight gain. Differential diagnosis between NFP-AN and ARFID can be challenging and explicit endorsements do not necessarily match internal beliefs. Method Ninety-four adolescent females (39 FP-AN, 13 NFP-AN, 10 low-weight ARFID, 32 healthy controls [HC]) completed implicit association tests (IATs) categorizing statements as pro-dieting or non-dieting and true or false (questionnaire-based IAT), and images of female models as underweight or normal-weight and words as positive or negative (picture-based IAT). We used the Eating Disorder Examination to categorize FP- versus NFP-AN presentations. Results Individuals with FP-AN and NFP-AN demonstrated a stronger association between pro-dieting and true statements, whereas those with ARFID and HCs demonstrated a stronger association between pro-dieting and false statements. Furthermore, while all groups demonstrated a negative implicit association with underweight models, HC participants had a significantly stronger negative association than individuals with FP-AN and NFP-AN. Discussion Individuals with NFP-AN exhibited a mixed pattern in which some of their implicit associations were consistent with their explicit endorsements, whereas others were not, possibly reflecting a minimizing response style on explicit measures. In contrast, individuals with ARFID demonstrated implicit associations consistent with explicit endorsements. Replication studies are needed to confirm whether the questionnaire-based IAT is a promising method of differentiating between restrictive eating disorders that share similar clinical characteristics. |
ISSN: | 02763478 | DOI: | 10.1002/eat.22981 |
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geprüft am 04.05.2024